Neuropathology and Cognitive Dysfunction From ECT (1985)
Electroconvulsive Therapy, Consensus Development Conference, NIMH, June 10-12.
ECT always produces some degree of immediate brain damage and mental dysfunction, and frequently the patient never fully recovers. Permanent brain damage from ECT is demonstrated through clinical evaluations, psychological tests, EEG studies, CAT scans, human autopsy studies, and research on the effect of electrical current on the brain as well as through a variety of animal studies.
